Joe Louis Essay - 725 Words

Joe Louis Joe Louis was born in Alabama on May 13, 1914. He was the son of an Alabama sharecropper, the great grandson of a slave, and the great great grandson of a white slave owner. Joe Louis moved to Detroit as a youngster with his mother. He was the first African American ever to achieve lasting fame and star status in the 20th Century. He did so with boxing, he would capture the hearts of millions of Americans, both white and black. This was a time when blacks were being discriminated against, the military was segregated, blacks were not allowed to play Major League Baseball. When he started boxing early in the 1930s hero worship was not achievable in any professional sports, there were none that were able†¦show more content†¦Louis war-time patriotism in a racially divided country made him a symbol of national unity and purpose. Twice he donated his winnings to the military relief funds. He advertised himself even more tot he American Public when he said the U.S. would win World War 2 because were on Gods side. In front of 70,000 screaming fans at Yankee Stadium, Louis pulverized the Aryan figurehead, knocking him to the floor 3 times. Two years of waiting ended in a quick 124 second knockout of Scheming Due to that fight, Louis had crossed the line from champion to idol as Americans of all color and race celebrated frantically. In 1942 he would join the U.S. Army, during the hard times of World War 2. During this time he fought close to 100 exhibitions before some 2 million servicemen. After the war, he knocked out Billy Conn again, and won three other fights, including two with Jersey Joe Walcott, before abdicating his title, and retiring. However, because he needed money to pay back taxes, he returned to boxing. After not fighting for two years, he lost a one sided-decision to his successor as champ, Ezzard Charles, in 1950. He then retired for good when Rocky Marciano knocked him out in the eighth round in 1951. Louis boxing career earned him close to 5 million dollars, but most of his money was lost due to his extreme generosity. The IRS,Show MoreRelatedA Lesson Before Dying By Ernest Gaines869 Words   |  4 Pagesother people. The book, A Lesson Before Dying, takes place in Louisiana and is about an innocent Black man convicted and sent to the electric chair. In the story there are real people t hat Ernest Gaines alludes to. Ernest Gaines makes an allusion to Joe Louis and Jackie Robinson. Beside these two, Mamie Till also stepped up and was audacious. They were all fearless and gave hope to many other people because of what they were doing. These heroes took a stand against society and changed the world for everyoneRead MoreMuhammad Ali : The Greatest Boxer859 Words   |  4 Pagesname for themselves. Within the last twenty years, we witnessed greats such as Floyd Mayweather, Jr., Manny Pacquiao, and Mike Tyson. However, before their time you have individuals that open the doors of opportunity in boxing. Those boxers are Joe Louis, Joe Frazier, George Foreman, and the most popular, Muhammad Ali. Though each man has left their own mark in boxing history, Ali’s story transcends the ring. Besides the great records that Muhammad Ali set as a boxer, he also made headlines for hisRead MorePenn State Scandal - Human Behavior Essay3507 Words   |  15 PagesSanduskyâ€⠄¢s inappropriate behavior with young boys. It also tainted a highly revered university and led to the firing of its college coach along with other university top officials. 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Unlike how Paterno claimed in trial that he was informed of Sandusky’s action by assistant coach Mike McQueary in 2001, when McQueary walked in on Sandusky having sexual relations withRead MoreEssay The Effect of Media Bias in America1093 W ords   |  5 Pageseverything I saw on the election was tainted in favor of the Democrats. On November the Third, 2008, MSNBC claims not to be bias on The Mark Reardon Show St Louis KMOX 1120 AM Radio. Contessa Brewer of MSNBC said â€Å"No were not bias, That’s crazy- that’s crazy talk† According to Brewer, MSNBC has a program hosted by former Republican Congressman Joe Scarborough, and that absolves the network of having a â€Å"liberal/Bias† label attached. It makes me think why would one network say we have an ex-republicanRead MoreSandusky Scandal Essay5270 Words   |  22 Pagesschool officials that contributed to covering up the Sandusky scandal were: Penn State athletic director Tim Curley, senior vice president for finance and business including overseeing the university police Gary Schultz, Penn State football coach, Joe Paterno and university president, Graham Spanier. All four of the elite university officials became informed of Sanduskyâ⠂¬â„¢s sexual misconduct by a graduate assistant Mike McQueary who later became assistant coach to Paterno (Chappell, 2012). After Sandusky’sRead MoreLouis Armstrong Essay850 Words   |  4 PagesLouis Armstrong Louis Armstrong was born in New Orleans, Louisiana on August 4, 1901 to Mayanne and William Armstrong. His father abandoned his family during Louis infancy. Louis spent the first years of his life with his grandmother, Josephine Armstrong. After age five, Louis moved back with his mother and his sister, Mama Lucy. The family was forced to live in stark poverty. Louis got into some trouble when he was just 12 years old and was placed in the Waifs Home for Boys. It wasRead MoreImportance of Louis Armstrong1568 Words   |  7 PagesLouis Armstrong Louis Armstrong was the greatest of all Jazz musicians. Armstrong defined what it was to play Jazz. His amazing technical abilities, the joy and spontaneity, and amazingly quick, inventive musical mind still dominate Jazz to this day. Only Charlie Parker comes close to having as much influence on the history of Jazz as Louis Armstrong did. Like almost all early Jazz musicians, Louis was from New Orleans. 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His technique with his trumpet playing and how the sound played off of the other instruments was unparalleled at the time. His contributions and techniques play a large part in changing jazz music from a folksy sound to more of the swing sound we attribute to the genre today. Armstrong

Exotic Smokes Marketing Strategy Proposal - 1330 Words

Exotic Smokes: Marketing Strategy Proposal TRIAAD Research Group is a full-service marketing research company who has recently acquired a new client, Exotic Smokes Cigarette Company. This company has asked for a proposal conducting an in-depth study of consumer behavior to analyze the market for their new flavored cigarettes, using fruit and candy flavors. The marketing strategy must attract 18 to 25-year-old customers. Exotic Smokes Cigarette Company has allotted a $25 million advertising budget for the product. The purpose of this proposal is to identify successful marketing strategies for flavored cigarette. Schedule The research group is recommending 3-6 months to gather and interpret information concerning the consumer-product†¦show more content†¦12). There are ethical considerations that must be considered when marketing flavored cigarettes. Conflicts present include the known harmful effects of cigarette smoking on one’s health and the use of flavoring agents in cigarettes. To ensure the impact of smoking cigarettes is continuously communicated, all packaging must include the labeling of known side effects. At minimum, the inclusion of the Surgeon General’s warning is recommended. This warning currently notes â€Å"smoking causes lung cancer, heart disease, emphysema, and may complicate pregnancy† (Healthcare Packaging, 2010). Furthermore, information found on the Flavored Tobacco Product Fact Sheet on the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) website states that flavored tobacco products are not safe and â€Å"these products, containing flavors like vanilla, orange, chocolate, cherry and coffee, are especially attractive to youth. They are widely considered to be â€Å"starter† products, establishing smoking habits that can lead to a lifetime of addiction† (para. 1, 2011). Additionally, a ban implemented in 2009 made it illegal to sale all flavors outside of menthol (Harris, 2009, para. 2). 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Design of Fuzzy Controller Free Essays

Design of fuzzy controller for two tank interacting system Mohamed sabith KT Second year M. tech Dept of Electrical Engineering NIT Calicut Calicut, India sabithkt@gmail. com Dr. We will write a custom essay sample on Design of Fuzzy Controller or any similar topic only for you Order Now Abraham T Mathew Professor, Dept of Electrical Engineering NIT Calicut Calicut, India atm@nitc. ac. in Abstract—The control of liquid level in tanks and flow between tanks is a basic problem in the process Industries. Vital industries such as Petro-chemical industries, Paper making industries, Water treatment industries have the coupled tanks processes. The level of fluid in the tanks and interaction between tanks must be controlled. The aim of the project is to model the the coupled two tank liquid level system and to design a fuzzy controller. For coupled tank systems with non linear and complex characteristics classical PID is difficult to achieve the desired response. Fuzzy logic control is a classic method by which dynamic performance and strong robustness is guaranteed. The project compares the performance of the two tank system with classical PID and fuzzy logic control. Index Terms—PID, fuzzy logic, steady state Introduction through two separate pumps whose output is throttled using a control valve. Separate disturbance are made to both the tanks using hand valves. The two tanks are connected by means of hand valve, so the level of tank 1 will affect the tank 2 and vice versa. So this is a highly non linear system. Flow transmitters and pressure transmitters are there which give indication of flow and level respectively in a scale of 4-20 mA. The input from this sensors are taken to a computer which is process by a software in which controller is implemented which will give necessary control signal to throttle the control valve to get the necessary level. A Coupled tanks process is found in the many industries. Generally, The TITO processes have the problems to control their systems because of the existence of interactions between input and output variables. Many control methods such as 2DOF PID [1], Auto tuning PID [2], CDM [3] and Decoupling [4] have been applied to coupled tanks processes for solving their problems. This paper presents control of two tank interacting system with the help of classical PID and Fuzzy control. The paper is organized as follows. The next section gives details about Coupled-tank process. Section 3 explains about modeling of two tank interacting system. Section 4 explains PID based control. Section 5 explains an implementation of Fuzzy Controller for coupled tank process. Section 6 shows experiment process and results. Finally, conclusions are given in section 7. COUPLED TANK SYSTEM MODELLING OF A TWO TANK INTERACTING SYSTEM Consider the coupled tank, two-input two-output process . The target is to control level of two tanks by the inlet water flow from two pumps P1and P2. The process inputs are flow rate of two pumps u1(t)and u2(t) which is throttled using control valves. The nonlinear plant equations can be obtained by mass balance equation The overall material balance on the cylindrical tank is: Rate of mass accumulation in the system = rate of mass entering in the system- rate of mass leaving the system There for the dynamics of the tank system can be written as The coupled tank apparatus is shown in the Figure 1. 1. The apparatus is a model consisting of a pump, two cylindrical tanks made of plexiglas, two control valves, and two level transmitters . The two tanks are installed in a manner as shown in the fig 2. 1The water input to both the tank is provided 1 1 = ? 1 ? 1 ? 2 ? ? 1 + ? ( 2 ? ? 2 ? (2 ? ? 1( ) 2 2 = ? 2 ? 2 ? 2 ? ? 2 + ? ( 2 ? ? ( 1 ? 2 ? ? 2 Where A is the cross section area of tank 1 and tank 2, a is the cross section area of outlet hole of tank 1and tank 2 and cross section area of jointed pipe between tank 1 and tank 2 , ? 1 is the valve ratio at the outlet of tank 1, ? 2 is the valve ratio at the outlet of tank 2, ? x is the valve ratio between tank 1 and tank 2. k1,k2 are the gain of the pump. The above equations can be converted to transfer function form and a transfer matrix of the form is obtained. ?1( ) 11( ) 12( ) = ? 2( ) 21( ) 22( ) 1( ) 2( ) nteraction between processes, the control design needs the decoupling controllers to minimize the cross coupling effects Because of the interaction between processes, the control design needs the decoupling controllers to minimize the cross coupling effects The decoupling controllers consist of two decouplers d12 and d21 . The purpose of using decouple is to decouple the multivariable system. This can be done by choosing the following transfer function. D21=-G21/G2 2 D12=-G12/G11 SIMULINK SIMULATION OF COUPLED TANK SYSTEM WITH PID CONTROL AND DECOUPLERS The modeled coupled tank system was simulated using simulink . G11 represent the dynamics of the tank 1 ,similarly G22 represent the dynamics of tank2. G12 represent the effect of level of tank 2 on tank1,and G21 represent the effect of level of tank 1 on tank 2. Due to high interaction between the tanks ,its difficult to control with ordinary PID. So as to avoid the interaction Decouplers were introduced. The advantage with the decoupler is that separate PID controllers can be designed for individual loops. Two individual PID controllers were designed for the two loops and tuning of the controllers were also performed. Tank 1 is subjected to a setpoint input of 15cm at time of 30 seconds and it is having an setpoint of 5cm. Similarly Tank 2 is subjected to a setpoint input of 25cm at time of 50 seconds and it is having an initial setpoint of 10. The response of the simulated system is shown in fig below,both the level of tank 1 and tank 2 follows the setpoint with small peak overshoot. Where h1, h2 are the liquid level in two tanks and u1,u2 are the input into the two tank . Where transfer matrix Gij(s)has the value as following G11(s)= 1 + 2 + 2 1 + +2 1 2 1 1 1 2 + +( + + ) 1 2 1 2 1 2 G22(s)= 2 + 1 + 1 1 + 2 +2 1 2 1 1 1 2 + +( + + ) 1 2 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 + 2 +2 1 2 1 1 1 2 + +( + + ) 1 2 1 2 1 G12(S)= G21(S)= 1 1 1 + 2 +2 1 2 1 1 1 2 + +( + + ) 1 2 1 2 1 2 Design of Decouplers The theoretically modeled system was simulated using simulink as shown in fig. below . G11(s) represents the tank 1 and G22(s) represents the tank 2. The effect of tank 1 on tank 2 is given by G21(s) and the effect of tank 2 on tank 1 is given by G12(s). This coupled tank system is having high interaction and it also exhibits non linear characterstics. Because of the The input variable error(e) is shown below,for all these inputs five membership functions are used. The five membership functions are NB,N,Z,P,PB. Fuzzy controller The traditional control, which includes the classical feedback control , has encountered many difficulties in its applications. The design and analysis of traditional control systems are based on their precise mathematical models, which are usually very difficult to achieve owing to the complexity, nonlinearity, time varying and incomplete characteristics of the existing practical systems. One of the most effective ways to solve the problem is to use the technique of intelligent control system, or hybrid methodology of the traditional and ntelligent control techniques. The output variable is shown below As i have 2 inputs with 5 membership functions,I used 25 rules(IF THEN ). The surface of the rulebase is as shown below The above fig shows how a fuzzy controller is implemented . The Fuzzy controller takes two input and have one output, error and rate of change of error are given as input to the fuzzy controller . depending on the input the fuzzy controller produces required control action. For all input and output triangular membership functions are used. The input rate of change of error(de) is shown below The two tank system with fuzzy controller is subjected to an input,the first tank is set to a initial level of 5cm then it is subjected to a step change of 15 cm at 25 seconds,for the second tank it is set to a initial level of 10 cm and final level of 20 cm. With fuzzy controller the outputs obtained is as shown below [1] Suparoek Kangwanrat1, Vittaya Tipsuwannaporn ? Design of PI Controller Using MRAC Techniques for Coupled-Tanks Process? International Conference on Control, Automation and Systems 2010 Oct. 7-30, 2010 in KINTEX, Gyeonggido, Korea [2] V. R. Ravi , T. Thyagarajan ? Application of Adaptive Control Technique to Interacting Non Linear Systems† IEEE Transactions On Systems, Man, And Cybernetics—Part B: Cybernetics, 33( ), 2003, 514–521 [3] [3] Dr. S. AbrahamLincon, P. Selvakumar ? Design of PI Controller using Characteristic Ratio As signment Method for Coupled Tank SISO Process? International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887) Volume 25– No. 9, July 2011 [4] Li LIANG ? The application of fuzzy PID controller in coupled-tank liquid-level control system? IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 25-35, 2010 [5] Jutarut Chaorai-ngern, Arjin Numsomran, Taweepol Suesut, Thanit Trisuwannawat and Vittaya Tipsuwanporn ?PID Controller Design using Characteristic Ratio Assignment Method for Coupled-Tank Process.? Proceedings of the 2005 International Conference on Computational Intelligence for Modelling, Control and Automation CONCLUSION The output obtained for fuzzy controller doesnot show peak overshoot as in th case of a PID controller ,the problem observed with fuzzy controller is that small oscillations will be prescent at steady state REFERENCES How to cite Design of Fuzzy Controller, Essay examples

In my fathers house Essay Example For Students

In my fathers house Essay Maria and Oscie In the book In My Fathers House, written by Ann Rinaldi, thereare two main characters whose names are Maria and Oscie. These twogirls are sisters that live in a house that is being divided by the civil war. Their stepfather (Will McLean) is from the north and is known as aYankee in the south. Most southerners disagree with his beliefs onslavery, but nevertheless, he is still a respected town leader on the schoolboard and is head of the volunteer fire department. Maria, fifteen and more a southern belle, tries to get along with people and stays out oftrouble with Will. Oscie, who is a year younger, often tries to get thebetter part of Will. Oscie and Maria vary in many obvious ways. One of these ways isthat Oscie is more independent and can be more self sustained. Mariaon the other hand is a southern belle who is heavily dependent on herfamily for all sorts of different needs. Maria is able to accept realitymore than Oscie, is more mature and can handle being beaten in anargument, but Oscie can not accept losing and is always trying to bestpeople around her and herself. An example of this is how Oscie isalways arguing with Will. She even asked her tutor, will you teach meto best Will McLean?Although Maria and Oscie are very different they do have a fewthings in common. They both have an odd attraction to military men. This is shown in their choice of guys. They also both share the sameparents. Sarah who is dead now, also has Dr. John and Mama asparents. Both Oscie and Maria are in love with the south and dontwant to part with most of its ways when they move. It is amazing how Ann Rinaldi is able to work so much of thesealmost completely different people into this novel. At the same time sheworks a lot of history into this story that is very captivating once youget into it. Although that Will McLean is a Yankee , I think it will bethese two girls that really divide the family on the war between theNorth and the South.